The objective of a study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases was to estimate contemporaryincidence of typhoid fever.

This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of three databases – Ovid Medline, PubMedand Scopus, reporting the incidence of blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever.

Overall, 33 studies were included in the meta-analysis. There were 26 study sites from 16 countries reporting typhoid cases from population-based incidence studies whereas, 17 sites in nine countries used multipliers to account for under-ascertainment in sentinel surveillance data. Africa and Asia were identified as regions with high typhoid incidence. Meanwhile, there existed considerable variation of typhoid incidence in time and place, including in consecutive years at the same location. More recent studies reported lower typhoid incidence compared to previous years—prior to 2000.

In inference, it was stated that typhoid fever incidence remains high at many sites. Additional and more accurate typhoid incidence studies are needed to support country decisions about typhoid conjugate vaccine adoption.

Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2019 Mar 7;68(Suppl 2):S105-S116. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy1094.